The basic principle of lithium battery charger is to convert direct current into a power supply suitable for lithium battery charging by controlling the charging current and charging voltage. Its basic architecture includes the following parts:
- Rectifier bridge and filter: convert alternating current to direct current, and remove the noise in the power supply through the filter.
- Input protection circuit: protect the input power supply from overvoltage, overcurrent and overtemperature to prevent damage to the charger and lithium battery.
3.DC/DC converter: convert the voltage and current of the input power supply into the voltage and current suitable for lithium battery charging.
- Control chip: It is responsible for monitoring the state of lithium battery and controlling the charging current and voltage to ensure the charging safety and efficiency of lithium battery.
- Output protection circuit: limit and protect the output current and voltage to prevent overcharge, overdischarge, overcurrent and so on.
6.LED display: display charging status, voltage, current and other information.
The above is the basic architecture of a typical lithium battery charger. Different chargers may add other functions and circuits on this basis, such as USB output, multi-channel output, etc. But in any case, the control of charging current and voltage is the most basic function and principle of lithium battery charger.
How to choose the right charger IC?
Choosing the right IC for a lithium battery charger requires consideration of several factors, including the output voltage and current of the charger, charging mode, battery protection, cost and power efficiency of the charger, etc.
Here are a few key factors in choosing the right charger IC:
- Output voltage and current: The charger should provide appropriate output voltage and current to meet the specifications of the device or battery to be charged. In general, the output voltage of the charger should be slightly higher than that of a lithium battery, and the maximum output current of the charger should be no less than the maximum charging current of the device or battery to be charged.
- Charging mode: lithium battery charger can have different charging modes, including constant current charging, constant voltage charging, peak cutting charging and so on. Different charging modes are applicable to different types of lithium batteries and need to be selected according to the actual demand.
- Battery protection: Lithium batteries need to have over impact, over discharge, short circuit protection and other functions, and the charger IC should also have these protection functions, to ensure the safety and life of lithium batteries.
- Cost and power efficiency: Cost and power efficiency are also factors that need to be considered when choosing charger IC. Different charger ics may have different cost and power efficiency, which need to be selected according to the actual demand.
In short, in the choice of the appropriate charger IC, need to consider the above factors according to the actual demand, and choose their own charger IC.
